Torque Ripple

Periodic fluctuation in a motor's output torque as a function of rotor position, caused by cogging (interaction between rotor magnets and stator slots) and commutation imperfections. Torque ripple causes vibration and position oscillations, degrading control quality for smooth motion tasks. Mitigation techniques include skewed stator slots, multi-pole designs, and torque ripple compensation in the controller.

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