Tunable Resonator Integrated Magnetometry

Abstract

The quantum-technology revolution is reshaping computing, sensing, and communication. In magnetometry, recent advances leverage precise control of spin qubits and color centers in solid-state crystals for mesoscopic-scale sensing. Yet at very low temperatures, superconducting sensing technology remains unrivaled because of its non-invasiveness and higher sensitivity. Here we describe a class of superconducting sensors that offers low loss and quantum non-demolition measurement characteristics. We designed and fabricated a superconducting flux-tunable resonator (tRes) in a superconducting chip foundry and matured it to a level that combines the speed of an inductor-capacitor circuit with the flux sensitivity of a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) to perform magnetometry at milli-kelvin temperature to investigate targets. We introduce its fundamental functionality readily at MHz magnetic sampling rate, showcase two measurement modalities, and investigate three circuits with gradually increasing complexity to extract target-specific information. The combination of high sensitivity and fast readout characteristics make tRes an attractive and versatile magnetometer.