Rotate Disks to Reach Farther: Design and Modeling of a Novel Reconfigurable Tendon Driven Manipulator

Abstract

Rerouting the tendon path in tendon driven continuum manipulators (TDCMs) enables a broad range of deformation modes. This work presents a Reconfigurable TDCM design which allows independent rotation of intermediate spacer disks, thereby locally rerouting the tendon and achieving non-trivial backbone spatial deformations. Two such designs, (a) Manual Disk Locked (MDL) and (b) Continuous Disk Rotor (CDR) manipulators are presented to achieve disk rotations before and during operation, respectively. A predictive static model based on the piecewise constant strain (PCS) assumption is developed within a potential energy minimization framework, incorporating (a) disk rotations, (b) discrete tendon paths between disk segments, (c) rigid thickness of spacer disks, and (d) elasticity of the tendons. The model is validated against experimental results, demonstrating an average tip error of $1.2\%$ of the manipulator's total length for parallel tendon routing and around $3\%$ for the case when multiple disks are rotated. The computation time is an order of magnitude lower than the state of the art Cosserat rod solver.